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ハルマヘラ島，Galela族の食生活
https://doi.org/10.15021/00004583
https://doi.org/10.15021/000045839c624491-0881-475a-9c6c-f2fe1b22ab50
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
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KH_003_2_002.pdf (16.8 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||||||||
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| 公開日 | 2010-02-16 | |||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||
| タイトル | ハルマヘラ島，Galela族の食生活 | |||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||
| タイトル | Food Habits of the Galelan, Halmahera | |||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||
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| 言語 | jpn | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||||||||
| ID登録 | ||||||||||||
| ID登録 | 10.15021/00004583 | |||||||||||
| ID登録タイプ | JaLC | |||||||||||
| 著者 |
石毛, 直道
× 石毛, 直道
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| 抄録 | ||||||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||||||||
| 内容記述 | Six members of NME, led by N. Ishige, conducted ethnological research jointly with Patti Mura University, on the Galelan people of Northern Halmahera. This paper is based on data derived from that research. The Galelan people speak Galela, of the North Halmaheran language group (Non-Austronesian). Principal subsistence activities are shifting cultivation, extraction of wild sago and fishing. This paper examines the following aspects of Galelan culture: 1) the environment of the people and their food resources; 2) material culture concerned with food and food processing; 3) value system relating to diet; 4) analysis of cooking techniques; 5) variety of daily food and cooking methods; and 6) a historical reconstruction of food habits (hypothesis building). The Galelan classify their meals into two categories: staple food and side dishes. The important staple foods are wild sago and bananas, together with rice, cassava and sweet potato which are produced by shifting cultivation. Data from 311 meals were recorded and analyzed. Results show that the order of importance of staple foods is: banana (28.8%), rice (17.7%), cassava (11.7%), sweet potato (8.6%) and others (5.7%). Analysis showed that taro, yam, Setaria italica Beauv. and a cultivated sub-species of Job's-teras (Coix l achryma-jobsis p. Mauen T. Kayama) are no longer important, but that small quantities are cultivated as remnant crops. Seventy-two percent of side-dishes consist of fish, whereas others are plants (cultivated or wild), chicken, deer and wild pig; the last two obtained through hunting. Domestic animals raised include goats, cattle, chickens, ducks and dogs. Goats, ducks and cattle are recent introductions. Few pigs are raised owing to the largely Muslim population. The following hypothesis of the stages of agricultural development in Halmahera is advanced : the Togutil tribe belonging to the North Halmaheran language group, and which inhabits Northern and Central Halmahera, are now farmers, but were formerly nomads. Assuming that there was a pre-agricultural stage in Halmahera, it might have been like the Togutil who depend on wild sago and hunting, also possibly utilizing wild banana. The earliest stage of agriculture was probably root crop and banana cultivation, but taro and yam seem never to have played an important role as cultigens. More than 60 distinct clones of domesticated banana are used at present by Galelan society, whereas only 4 forma of taro and 6 of yam are known. The basic form of subsistence, which continues to the present, might have been formulated in this earliest agricultural stage. In the next stage, Job'stears and Setaria italica were introduced. Neither remains important, except on ceremonial occasions. In the third stage upland rice was introduced, and quickly replaced millet. The Halmahera islands are located on the southeastern border of rice and millet cultivation. Millet and rice agriculture had probably been introduced by the 16th century. Following that stage, New World cultigens such as cassava and sweet potato were introduced, and replaced taros and yams. |
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| 書誌情報 |
国立民族学博物館研究報告 en : Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology 巻 3, 号 2, p. 159-270, 発行日 1978-09-14 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||||||||
| 出版者 | 国立民族学博物館 | |||||||||||
| 出版者（英） | ||||||||||||
| 出版者 | National Museum of Ethnology | |||||||||||
| ISSN | ||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | ISSN | |||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | 0385-180X | |||||||||||
| 書誌レコードID | ||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | AN00091943 | |||||||||||
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| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||||||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||||||||
