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ハルマヘラ島における民俗方位の構造
https://doi.org/10.15021/00004599
https://doi.org/10.15021/00004599d3040810-2429-4833-8e55-974925943579
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
|---|---|---|
KH_002_3_001.pdf (3.8 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||||||||
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| 公開日 | 2010-02-16 | |||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||
| タイトル | ハルマヘラ島における民俗方位の構造 | |||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||
| タイトル | On the Notions of Orientation in Halmahera | |||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||
| 言語 | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | jpn | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||||||||
| ID登録 | ||||||||||||
| ID登録 | 10.15021/00004599 | |||||||||||
| ID登録タイプ | JaLC | |||||||||||
| 著者 |
吉田, 集而
× 吉田, 集而
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| 抄録 | ||||||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||||||||
| 内容記述 | This article reports on the notions of orientation among the Galela in North Halmahera as compared with peoples on Halmahera Island. the adjacent islands and Sula Island. The data was collected by the present writer in 1976. The studies on the notions of orientation among the Alfuren of West Seram by Jensen and the Kedang on Lembata Island by Barnes are reexamined in the light of the findings of this research. It is commonly said that the opposition of 'land (or mountain) and sea' seems to be a basic notion of orientation widely observed among the Austronesian speaking peoples. This opposition is also used among the North Halmaheran peoples whose languages belong to NAN. Another basic notion of orientation is the opposition of 'up and down', which is found throughout the area from Halmahera to Bacan, Sula, Buru and probably Lembata. As to the particulars of opposition, some variation in the two basic oppositions has been recognized by some scholars. Moreover, the relative direction of 'up' usually corresponds to the south among these peoples except for the Ternate. In Ternate the Sultan's castle is located on the north side of the town, and accordingly the north may have been recognized as the updirection. However, it is questionable as to why 'up' is widely considered as being the south. The Galela employ both the relative orientation of the 'land and sea' and 'up and down' oppositions and the absolute orientation of the cardinal points; the latter being calculated according to the position of the sun and the direction of the monsoon. The people, thus, have a double system on orientation in contrast with the Alfuren of West Seram who lack the absolute orientation system. The terms of orientation of the peoples in Halmahera are derived from pronouns of place and affixes of position and direction. In Galela there are 92 terms of direction and position made by combinations of pronouns and affixes. If the terms further combined with the affix of stress are added they number 151. Thus from a large number of terms which seem so complicated to us the people can select one which is appropriate for their situation. As to the way of constructing terms of direction and position through the combination of pronouns and affixes, two basic types may be distinguished in the area covered in this study: (1) The Halmahera Type and (2) The Sula-Bacan Type. The former combines four affixes which indicate the cardinal points with pronouns, but the latter uses the one or two prepositions of position instead of affixes. The Halmahera Type can be subdivided into two : (a) the North Halmahera Type, distinguishing the four pronouns of direction with 'near' and 'far', and (b) the South Halmahera Type, which lacks such pronouns. Tha latter can be further subdivided into two types : (i) Makian Type and (ii). Maba Type. In the Makian Type affixes are used as prefixes and suffixes interchangeably. When an affix is used as prefix it carries a meaning different from that when the same affix is used as suffix. In the Maba Type such affixes are only used as suffixes. The Sula-Bacan Type of constructing terms of direction can he observed among many peoples in Austronesia, whereas the Halmahera Type, which is characterized by indicating such a direction as "heading from upward to downward on the sea" in one word 'idai', has not been found in any other areas as far as the present writer knows. Therefore, the Halmahera Type may be regarded as being unique in the terms it uses for direction and position. It may be possible to speculate about Austronesian speaking peoples : that the Halmahera Type of orientation might have developed independently as a result of the peoples' lives being intimately connected with the sea, or that it may be the surviving part of a prototype which has already disappeared from the other areas. As to that matter, however, further investigation is necessary. |
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| 書誌情報 |
国立民族学博物館研究報告 en : Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology 巻 2, 号 3, p. 437-497, 発行日 1977-10-18 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||||||||
| 出版者 | 国立民族学博物館 | |||||||||||
| 出版者（英） | ||||||||||||
| 出版者 | National Museum of Ethnology | |||||||||||
| ISSN | ||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | ISSN | |||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | 0385-180X | |||||||||||
| 書誌レコードID | ||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | AN00091943 | |||||||||||
| 著者版フラグ | ||||||||||||
| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||||||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||||||||
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Cite as
Yoshida, Shuji, 1977, On the Notions of Orientation in Halmahera: 国立民族学博物館, 437–497 p.
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