{"created":"2023-06-20T15:59:23.869387+00:00","id":4607,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"3ca819cd-315a-4f05-a318-ac938f402cad"},"_deposit":{"created_by":17,"id":"4607","owners":[17],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"4607"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00004607","sets":["345:496"]},"author_link":["7361"],"item_9_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"1977-10-18","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"3","bibliographicPageEnd":"497","bibliographicPageStart":"437","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"2","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"国立民族学博物館研究報告"},{"bibliographic_title":"Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_9_description_4":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"This article reports on the notions of orientation among the\nGalela in North Halmahera as compared with peoples on Halmahera\nIsland. the adjacent islands and Sula Island. The data was collected\nby the present writer in 1976. The studies on the notions of\norientation among the Alfuren of West Seram by Jensen and the\nKedang on Lembata Island by Barnes are reexamined in the light\nof the findings of this research.\nIt is commonly said that the opposition of 'land (or mountain)\nand sea' seems to be a basic notion of orientation widely observed\namong the Austronesian speaking peoples. This opposition is also\nused among the North Halmaheran peoples whose languages belong\nto NAN. Another basic notion of orientation is the opposition of\n'up and down', which is found throughout the area from Halmahera\nto Bacan, Sula, Buru and probably Lembata. As to the particulars\nof opposition, some variation in the two basic oppositions has been\nrecognized by some scholars. Moreover, the relative direction of\n'up' usually corresponds to the south among these peoples except\nfor the Ternate. In Ternate the Sultan's castle is located on the\nnorth side of the town, and accordingly the north may have been\nrecognized as the updirection. However, it is questionable as to\nwhy 'up' is widely considered as being the south.\nThe Galela employ both the relative orientation of the 'land\nand sea' and 'up and down' oppositions and the absolute orientation\nof the cardinal points; the latter being calculated according to the\nposition of the sun and the direction of the monsoon. The people,\nthus, have a double system on orientation in contrast with the\nAlfuren of West Seram who lack the absolute orientation system.\nThe terms of orientation of the peoples in Halmahera are\nderived from pronouns of place and affixes of position and direction.\nIn Galela there are 92 terms of direction and position made by\ncombinations of pronouns and affixes. If the terms further combined\nwith the affix of stress are added they number 151. Thus\nfrom a large number of terms which seem so complicated to us the\npeople can select one which is appropriate for their situation.\nAs to the way of constructing terms of direction and position\nthrough the combination of pronouns and affixes, two basic types\nmay be distinguished in the area covered in this study: (1) The\nHalmahera Type and (2) The Sula-Bacan Type. The former\ncombines four affixes which indicate the cardinal points with\npronouns, but the latter uses the one or two prepositions of position\ninstead of affixes. The Halmahera Type can be subdivided into\ntwo : (a) the North Halmahera Type, distinguishing the four\npronouns of direction with 'near' and 'far', and (b) the South\nHalmahera Type, which lacks such pronouns. Tha latter can be\nfurther subdivided into two types : (i) Makian Type and (ii). Maba\nType. In the Makian Type affixes are used as prefixes and suffixes\ninterchangeably. When an affix is used as prefix it carries a meaning\ndifferent from that when the same affix is used as suffix. In the\nMaba Type such affixes are only used as suffixes.\nThe Sula-Bacan Type of constructing terms of direction can he\nobserved among many peoples in Austronesia, whereas the Halmahera\nType, which is characterized by indicating such a direction as\n\"heading from upward to downward on the sea\" in one word 'idai',\nhas not been found in any other areas as far as the present writer\nknows. Therefore, the Halmahera Type may be regarded as being\nunique in the terms it uses for direction and position. It may be\npossible to speculate about Austronesian speaking peoples : that the\nHalmahera Type of orientation might have developed independently\nas a result of the peoples' lives being intimately connected with\nthe sea, or that it may be the surviving part of a prototype which\nhas already disappeared from the other areas. As to that matter,\nhowever, further investigation is necessary.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_9_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.15021/00004599","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_9_publisher_33":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"国立民族学博物館"}]},"item_9_publisher_34":{"attribute_name":"出版者（英）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"National Museum of Ethnology"}]},"item_9_source_id_10":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00091943","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_9_source_id_8":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0385-180X","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_9_version_type_16":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"吉田, 集而"},{"creatorName":"ヨシダ, シュウジ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"creatorName":"Yoshida, Shuji","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2015-11-19"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"KH_002_3_001.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"3.8 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"KH_002_3_001.pdf","url":"https://minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/4607/files/KH_002_3_001.pdf"},"version_id":"e4135f2d-2070-4d02-abb2-308411379baf"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"ハルマヘラ島における民俗方位の構造","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"ハルマヘラ島における民俗方位の構造"},{"subitem_title":"On the Notions of Orientation in Halmahera","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"9","owner":"17","path":["496"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2010-02-16"},"publish_date":"2010-02-16","publish_status":"0","recid":"4607","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["ハルマヘラ島における民俗方位の構造"],"weko_creator_id":"17","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-06-20T19:24:09.505971+00:00"}