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指示詞にみられる空間分割の類型とその普遍性
https://doi.org/10.15021/00004508
https://doi.org/10.15021/00004508f7d732d5-43cb-4617-9768-474e844fa46f
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
|---|---|---|
KH_005_4_001.pdf (6.4 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||||||||
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| 公開日 | 2010-02-16 | |||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||
| タイトル | 指示詞にみられる空間分割の類型とその普遍性 | |||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||
| タイトル | Typology and Universality of the Cognition of Space Division through the Analysis of Demonstratives | |||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||
| 言語 | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | jpn | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||||||||
| ID登録 | ||||||||||||
| ID登録 | 10.15021/00004508 | |||||||||||
| ID登録タイプ | JaLC | |||||||||||
| 著者 |
吉田, 集而
× 吉田, 集而
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| 抄録 | ||||||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||||||||
| 内容記述 | This paper attempts to show the universality and relativity of the unconscious cognition of space division among humans. Since the cognition of direction, i.e., folk orientation, has been discussed elsewhere [YOSHIDA 1977, 1980a], the cognition of distance, the other fundamental factor in space cognition, is the focus of this paper. Demonstratives were selected for analysis because their essential component is spatial and also unconscious, and they occur worldwide. Although the spatial component of demonstratives is stressed here, demonstratives have many other components. The spatial components of demonstratives of 479 languages and/or dialects are examined. The lexeme is treated as a unit of demonstratives in principle, but the independent form of-demonstratives is used as a unit in the case of polysyntetic languages. Through the analysis of the spatial components of demonstratives, .47 types of cognition of space division are formulated. These types are assigned to seven super-types; two divisional type (2-type; consisting of "near" and "far"), speaker-centric type (Stype), speaker-hearer type (H-type), vertical up/down type (Vtype), four directional type (D-type), aside-type (As-type), and back space type (B-type). Among them, the H-type is closely related with the personal pronoun system and is complex in terms of a definite space division. There are four common types: 1) 2-type (217 out of 479 languages and/or dialects, 45.3%), 2) 3F-type (consisting of "near", "far" and "further" , 83 languages, 17.3%), 3) 3H-type (consisting of speaker's space, hearer's space and the other space without both spaces, 50 languages, 10.4%), and 4) 3M-type (consisting of "near", "middle" and "far" , 29 languages, 6.4%). Twenty-nine types are specific, and are found in only one language. Though many languages are assigned to few common types, such as 2-type, 3Ftype, 3H-type and 3M-type, the diversification of the types of cognition of space division is rather large, being found especially in New Guinea, Oceania, and America. The etic unit of distance cognition is hypothesized in this paper to clarify the general features of distance cognition among humans. There are three levels of distance cognition; biological, physiological, and cultural. In the biological level, space is divided into three; individual, social and outer social spaces. Individual space is purely egocentric and differs from Hall's personal distance which is the distance between two individuals or among more than two individuals [HALL 1966]. On the physiological level, space is divided into four; kinesthetic, aural, visual, and outer visual space is added. The critical lines of each space are a) touching limit line, b) hailing limit line, and c) visible limit line, respectively. At the cultural level, space has seven divisions : kinesthetic, aural and visual spaces are sub-divided into two, respectively, and outer visual space is added to them. It can be argued that individual space coincides with kinesthetic space in humans. That the use of the touching limit line is almost universal (98.1%) is explicable by this hypothesis. In other words, the touching limit line is universally recognized, since it has a fundamental, biological basis. Although this limit is extended psychologically, such aspects are not considered here. Though the line is defined as the "touching limit line" through worldwide, the actual limit varies to some extent among cultures. This is interesting in terms of proxemics. Space division at the physiological level is potentially universal, according to the result of the analysis of spatial component of demonstratives. Space division at the cultural level is specific among the cultures, and the seven divisions are enough for discussing the spatial component of demonstratives of the world's languages. |
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| 書誌情報 |
国立民族学博物館研究報告 en : Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology 巻 5, 号 4, p. 833-950, 発行日 1981-03-20 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||||||||
| 出版者 | 国立民族学博物館 | |||||||||||
| 出版者（英） | ||||||||||||
| 出版者 | National Museum of Ethnology | |||||||||||
| ISSN | ||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | ISSN | |||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | 0385-180X | |||||||||||
| 書誌レコードID | ||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | AN00091943 | |||||||||||
| 著者版フラグ | ||||||||||||
| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||||||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||||||||
