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文字創製・改革にみた中国少数民族政策
https://doi.org/10.15021/00004337
https://doi.org/10.15021/00004337ebeda0f7-5cab-4a5d-8a08-7a4b91525ed2
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
|---|---|---|
KH_012_4_004.pdf (2.6 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||||||||||
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| 公開日 | 2010-02-16 | |||||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||||
| タイトル | 文字創製・改革にみた中国少数民族政策 | |||||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||||
| タイトル | The Chinese Policy in Developing Writing Systems for National Minorities | |||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||||
| 言語 | ||||||||||||||
| 言語 | jpn | |||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||||||||||
| ID登録 | ||||||||||||||
| ID登録 | 10.15021/00004337 | |||||||||||||
| ID登録タイプ | JaLC | |||||||||||||
| 著者 |
庄司, 博史
× 庄司, 博史
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| 抄録 | ||||||||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||||||||||
| 内容記述 | This paper presents an observation on developments in the creation of writing systems for national minorities, as a part of the Chinese policy towards its ethnic minorities. When socialist China was founded, in 1949, many ethnic minorities were present within its territory. These minorities, who occupied over 60% of the land area, which, although mostly marginal, was strategically and economically critical areas, remained both economically and educationally far behind the Han Chinese. Thus, inevitablly, China had to incorporate the minorities into the unified nation building plan by bringing their socio-economic levels near to those of the Han. Therefore it was not surprising that the Chinese government adopted, at a very early stage, the rather progressive policy of guaranteeing the minorities the right to preserve and develop their own languages and customs. But most minority peoples lacked a written language or writing system. Thus China soon put forward a strong measure based on the Soviet model, to formulate writing systems for minority languages. In China the realization of this plan involved several phases: 1. massive linguistic and sociolinguistic research on minority languages; 2. selection of alphabet or writing systems (pictography or phonetic alphabet; Latin or Cyrilic alphabet, etc.) 3. formulation of orthographical norms (i.e., the assignment of letters to sounds). This was done for every language, taking into consideration the problem of a unified system with other languages and, especially, with pin-yin, which was then also being planned as a phonetic writing system for the Han language; and 4. preparation of a draft plan, and pedagogic and reading materials for tentative use. All these aspects progressed at varying ranges under the influence of both Sino-Soviet relations and domestic Chinese political conditions. The latter has been reflected in the varying interpretations of the status of nationalities in relation to socialist progress of China; between total cultural autonomy at one extreme and assimilation or amalgamation with the Han at the other. Developments in the creation of the writing systems for the minorities as a whole, falls roughly into three distinctive periods; (1) (until ca. 1958) the urgent attempt to develop any one writing system for every minority language, and a later attempt to produce uniform systems on rather a theoretical basis; (2) (until ca. 1978) the period of retreat and disruption of the minority language policy; (3) (1978 — present) the period of the revival of writing system creation on a more practical basis, i.e., according to the conditions of the individual minorities. It is not difficult to relate different political situations to these periods. The present minority language policy is apparently being conducted under the favorable atmosphere of the recent political liberalization movements. |
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| 書誌情報 |
国立民族学博物館研究報告 en : Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology 巻 12, 号 4, p. 1181-1214, 発行日 1988-03-26 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||||||||||
| 出版者 | 国立民族学博物館 | |||||||||||||
| 出版者（英） | ||||||||||||||
| 出版者 | National Museum of Ethnology | |||||||||||||
| ISSN | ||||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | ISSN | |||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | 0385-180X | |||||||||||||
| 書誌レコードID | ||||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | AN00091943 | |||||||||||||
| 著者版フラグ | ||||||||||||||
| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||||||||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||||||||||
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Cite as
庄司, 博史, 1988, The Chinese Policy in Developing Writing Systems for National Minorities: 国立民族学博物館, 1181–1214 p.
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