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ボリビアの農民 : 農民の「行動の記録」の分析（その2）
https://doi.org/10.15021/00004260
https://doi.org/10.15021/0000426062723ac7-7234-40e6-a638-27f088c7c487
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
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KH_016_3_001.pdf (3.8 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||||||||
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| 公開日 | 2010-02-16 | |||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||
| タイトル | ボリビアの農民 : 農民の「行動の記録」の分析（その2） | |||||||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||||||
| タイトル | Life of the Bolivian Peasants : An Analysis of Diary Entries (2) | |||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||
| 言語 | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | jpn | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | ボリビア高地｜アイマラ｜農民社会｜行動の記録｜数量的分析 | |||||||||||
| キーワード | ||||||||||||
| 言語 | en | |||||||||||
| 主題Scheme | Other | |||||||||||
| 主題 | Bolivian highlands｜Aymara｜peasant society｜diaries of activities｜quantitative analysis | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||||||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||||||||
| ID登録 | ||||||||||||
| ID登録 | 10.15021/00004260 | |||||||||||
| ID登録タイプ | JaLC | |||||||||||
| 著者 |
藤井, 龍彦
× 藤井, 龍彦
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| 抄録 | ||||||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||||||||
| 内容記述 | This article is the second part of the analysis of a corpus of data entitled "Diaries of Bolivian Peasants". The first analysis was done two years ago [Fum 1990], in which I analysed the first one-year cycle of one peasant family of Yuka Comunity, Camacho Province, Department of La Paz. The results of the analysis of the former article were: 1) agricultural activities were about 30% of this family's total working hours. 2) the sexual division of labor is not marked in any activities. 3) the social relationship is relatively narrow and limited. 4) they pool about 7% of their working hours as for alturuistic labor. And we could proof the validity of these materials for ethnographical data, especially to make quantitative analysis. In this article I continued a quantitative analysis based on diaries written during 2 years and three months by ten peasants who lived in three different regions (3 of Yuka, 3 of Copacabana, and 4 of Jaruma) (Map 1) . The method is to input all data such as dates, activities, persons, places where the activities done or where he (they) went, quantitative data of sowing and harvest, household accounts, etc. to a personal computer. All these data were categorized, sorted, counted, and converted to diagrams or tables to make a quantitative analysis. The results of the analysis are as follows: I) Agriculture i) The peasants of Bolivian Highlands tend to orient subsistence economy cultivating such 'traditional' crops as potatoes, oca, on the one hand, cultivate various other crops as possible as they can, including cash crop represented by onion, to obtain cash through the market system on the other. ii) In an anual cycle of agriculture, they have strategies to minimize the agricultural labor, making full use of the time lag of differente term of ripenness, combining various crops according to regions (natural emvironments) . iii) In the 'traditional' crops, specially the case of potatoes, some peasants pretend to obtain high harvest, introducing new comercial spiecies or using chemical fertility. In such case not changing former agricultural system but above that sacrifiing their free time, different from such change observed in the Province of Andahuaylas (barley for beer) , or Puquina (alfarfa for cow) both in Peru, recomended by enterprises. iv) The sexual division of labor is not marked among the all peasants. v) Agricultural activities were about between 25%-50% of total laboral days, except who dedicate in onion cultivation. II) Herding Herding is not so important in the Bolivian Highlands, but they have at least a pair of oxen for agricultural activities, specially for fallowing. Sheep and pigs are main animals between others and using as selfconsumption rather than to sell. III) Economic activities i) All ten peasants family dedicate to side-job to some extent and the husbands dedicate in the most case. Special technics are not necessary in almost all side-jobs (textile making, fabric of ready-made clothes, small shop, or wage erning away from home) , except fabric of clothes for feasts and carpenter work. Althogh incomes are different from the class of jobs, they are important for them to obtain cash. ii) Most of the products that peasants can sell were agricultural ones, but domestic animals can sell, although less in number, in much higher price than agricultural products. iii) The varieties of items that peasants perchased or payed for services are up to 379 and 78% of these items are included the first 40 items, most of which are foodstuffs or beverage. iv) Eight of ten peasants have deficit of their household accouts. v) Exchange activities are not so many, only 42 times among ten peasants during 2 years and three months, and the items exchanged are those produced by neighboring comunities. IV) Social activities i) Social relationships through mutual-aids are small and limited and there is no marked difference between husband's kinship and his affinity. There are various mutual-aids but the most important aids are house construction and agricultural labor. The percentage of alturuistic labors is with in 8% although differentiating + (more to go) and — (more received) . ii) The most important public activity is that relationed to the school. Theres is a regional difference on activities for the agricultural cooperatives. The mean times for public activities (more than once a week) is given much weight in the peasants life. iii) The major activities in the cotacts are funerals and the feasts for house construction. V) Other activities i) The most popular recreation among the peasants is football. But in this case mainly the husbands perticipate. If considered whole family, feasts are more important than football. ii) For other activities, specially domestic activities such as making textiles, weaving, sweeping, washing, etc. they did not spend so much hours. In sum, using the quantitative data of these diaries, we can describe the daily life of these peasants and we can renew understanding of the validity of these data as well. As I said in the former article, this analysis was based on only the diaries of ten peasants of three regions of the Bolivian highlands, so we cannot generalize the results as being applicable to other Andean rural communities. It is requested the investigations of same character to make comparison. |
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| 書誌情報 |
国立民族学博物館研究報告 en : Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology 巻 16, 号 3, p. 521-588, 発行日 1992-03-11 |
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| 出版者 | ||||||||||||
| 出版者 | 国立民族学博物館 | |||||||||||
| 出版者（英） | ||||||||||||
| 出版者 | National Museum of Ethnology | |||||||||||
| ISSN | ||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | ISSN | |||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | 0385-180X | |||||||||||
| 書誌レコードID | ||||||||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||||||||
| 収録物識別子 | AN00091943 | |||||||||||
| 著者版フラグ | ||||||||||||
| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||||||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||||||||
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Cite as
Fujii, Tatsuhiko, 1992, Life of the Bolivian Peasants : An Analysis of Diary Entries (2): 国立民族学博物館, 521–588 p.
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