@article{oai:minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00004822,
 author = {沢山, 美果子 and Sawayama, Mikako},
 issue = {3},
 journal = {国立民族学博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology},
 month = {Jan},
 note = {本稿では，江戸時代，とくに女と子どものいのちを救うための努力がなされ
ていった18 世紀後半以降の民間療法に焦点をあてる。歴史人口学の研究成果
によれば，江戸時代，女性が出産でいのちを失う率は高く，また乳児死亡率も
高かった。「家」の維持・存続を願う人々にとって，女と子どものいのちを守
ることは，重要な課題であった。そのため，江戸時代には，人々の生活経験を
もとにした様々な民間療法が生みだされていた。ここでは，仙台藩の上層農民
の家に写本として残された民間療法，その支藩である一関藩の在村医が書き残
した民間療法を手がかりに，江戸時代の人々は，身体という内なる自然に起き
る危機としての妊娠，出産にどのように対処し，母と赤子のいのちを守ろうと
したのか，そこには，どのような自然と人間をめぐる人々の認識や身体観が示
されているかを探った。
　考察の結果，次のことが明らかとなった。江戸時代後期には，人々が生活の
中で経験的に蓄積してきた身体をめぐる民間の知恵を文字化した民間療法が広
く流布していくが，そこに記された，妊娠・出産をめぐる処方，とりわけ対処
が困難な難産の処方では，自然の生産物である動植物や清浄な身体からの排泄
物が用いられる。それは，脅威としての自然を恵としての自然につくりかえ，
自然と人間の一体化を図り身体を回復させることで，内なる自然に起きた困難
を取り除こうとする試みであった。そこには，江戸時代の人々の，自然と人間
を切り離せないものとして捉える捉え方が示されている。, This paper focuses on folk remedies in the Edo period. During this
period, especially from the late 18th century, people were concerned with how
to protect the lives of mothers and babies, and the remedies were made to do
that.
According to historical demographic research, the mortality rate of
infants was high during the Edo period, with many mothers losing their lives
in childbirth. For those who hoped to continue their family line (Ie), protecting
the lives of mothers and babies was an important issue. Therefore, during
that period, a variety of folk remedies emerged based on everyday experience
and knowledge.
My study looks into two cases based on local materials drawn from the
Sendai Han (‘clan’) of Japan’s Tohoku region. First, upper-class farmers in the
Sendai clan wrote prescriptions for various cures to be used in difficult childbirth.
Second, in the Ichinoseki clan (a branch of the Sendai clan), a local
physician left a manuscript of folk remedies for dystocia (=difficult birth).
The medical treatments show how dangerous pregnancy was for the lives
of mothers and babies. In other words, for the people of that period, pregnancy
was a crisis that happened to a woman’s body. Through these primary
resources, I want to explore how people viewed the relationship between life
and the body and recognized its inner nature.
The following became clarified as a result of my consideration. The folk
remedies that represented the accumulation of wisdom gained through daily
lives were widely available through transcribed copies. The prescriptions
related to pregnancy and childbirth, particularly refractory dystocia, using
plants, animals, products of nature, and excreta from purified human bodies.
That was an attempt to transform nature that was threatening into nature that
gave blessings, restoring the healthy state by integrating nature and humans,
thereby removing the hardships manifested in the body. It clearly shows how
people in the Edo period viewed humans and nature as inseparable.},
 pages = {459--483},
 title = {赤子と母のいのちを守るための江戸時代の民間療法},
 volume = {40},
 year = {2016},
 yomi = {サワヤマ, ミカコ}
}