{"created":"2023-06-20T15:59:20.846273+00:00","id":4530,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"83deafd7-967c-4056-81b1-788e78959248"},"_deposit":{"created_by":17,"id":"4530","owners":[17],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"4530"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00004530","sets":["345:485"]},"author_link":["60"],"item_9_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"1980-10-20","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"2","bibliographicPageEnd":"375","bibliographicPageStart":"317","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"5","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"国立民族学博物館研究報告"},{"bibliographic_title":"Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_9_description_4":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"The religious behavior of immigrants not only reflects their\nreligious needs in a new society but also illuminates the heritage\nof the society left behind. Research on the religious behavior of\nJapanese immigrants and their descendants mainly concerns these\nthemes. This paper is based on field research that I conducted\nduring June—August, 1977 and June—August, 1979, as a member\nof the research team for the project entitled \"Japanese Religions\namong the Japanese Americans in Hawaii\".\nData are presented on religious experiences and the activities\nof nine female mediums-who -have appeared sporadically since the\nsecond decade of this century, and who have been little studied.\nHere; \"medium\" is defined as a person who is believed to possess the\nmystical powers to communicate with spiritual beings through his\nher five (or even six) senses, and who is able to use these powers on\nbehalf of others. This is a fairly broad concept, but differs distinctively\nfrom that of \"preacher\" and \"priest\", who, respectively,\ncommunicate with spiritual beings mainly through written scriptures\nand formalized rituals.\nA brief religious history of Japanese Americans is provided as\na historical context for the mediums. Three stages are discerned\nhere in the social history of Japanese Americans in Hawaii, 1)\nplantation life 2) plantation to city life 3) urban and suburban life.\nIn the plantation camps male religious leaders who organized\nDaishi-ko were prominant figures in healing rituals and exorcism.\nMost later became Shingon priests. The first female medium\nappeared in Honolulu, and city people have been their main clients.\nTheir religious activities are somewhat similar to those of adherants\nof new religions such as TenrikYOa nd Sekai-kyasei-ky5( Church of\nWorld Messianity). Mediums are, however, quite different from\nthe latter in terms of originality and flexibility in their activities.\nMultiple membership is also discussed briefly, since it supports\nthe activities of mediums. Roughly speaking, established churches\nheaded by Jodo-shinshu have fulfilled the needs of rites of passage\nand (religious) education for the Japanese (Americans), whereas\nmediums have satisfied the so-called beneficial needs of this world,\nstrongly based on the folk beliefs of Japanese immigrants. The\nrole of Shingon priests is somewhat intermediate.\nThen nine cases of female mediums are presented extensively\nwith minimum speculation. The order of presentation is:\n1. Rev. Shina Miyake and Ishizuchi Jinja\n2. Rev. Myosei Matsumoto and Pablo Kwannonji\n3. Abbess Tatsush6 Hirai and Mdaiji Bekkaku,H onzan\n4. Rev. Kasho Sawada and Tenshinciti\n5. Rev. Juncho Matsuoka and Kapalama Fuck' Kyókai\n6. Rev. Jikyu Rose and Koganji\n7. Rev. SEdO Hayashi and Shigisan Gobunreisho\n8. Mrs. Kame Shimabuku\n9. Rev. KOshii Sakai\nFinally, some distinctive features of mediums are mentioned\nbriefly. First, there are two types of mediums, calling-type and\ntraining-type. For most, (ascetic), training at the headquarters\nis important since it helps their clients to acknowledge and justify\nthe mystical powers of the medium, i.e., their sense of affiliation\nwith the headquarters in Japan is quite strong, because it bestows\nlegitimacy regardless of what they do in Hawaii.\nSecond, divinities with whom they communicate range from\nBuddhistic (e.g. Fudjmyoo, Kwannon, Jizo, and Bishamonten) to\nShintoistic (e.g. Futenmagu and Itsukushima Jinja) ones. Some\nmediums communicate mostly with a specific divinity, whereas\nothers communicate with various divinities. All, however, stress\nthe blessings of specific divinities and never negate the existence of\nother spiritual beings.\nThird, among the many devices used to transmit their mystical\npowers the commonest is the conveyance of divine messages which\nthey claim to have received, followed by the so-called kaji method,\nespecially using hand techniques. Other devices include spiritualistic\nmedium, exorcism, clairvoyance and substitution. The\nobjects used by mediums and/or clients, and believed to possess\nmystical powers, include holy water, holy scriptures, amulets,\nrosary, salt and sand.\nLast, a comparison is made of the organizational dimension.\nSome mediums confine their work to a private, person-to-person\nrelationship, whereas in other cases lay organizations have been\nformed around the mediums, despite their reluctance for public\npropagation. Though these organizations vary from cult- to\nchurch-type, they all retain some intimateness among their membership\nin addition to close personal relationships with the mediums.\nIn either type, however, succession has been a serious problem\nbecause of the intrinsic nature of mystically gifted powers that the\nmediums claim to possess.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_9_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.15021/00004522","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_9_publisher_33":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"国立民族学博物館"}]},"item_9_publisher_34":{"attribute_name":"出版者（英）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"National Museum of Ethnology"}]},"item_9_source_id_10":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00091943","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_9_source_id_8":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0385-180X","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_9_version_type_16":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"中牧, 弘允"},{"creatorName":"ナカマキ, ヒロチカ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"creatorName":"Nakamaki, Hirochika","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{},{},{},{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2015-11-19"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"KH_005_2_001.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"5.6 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"KH_005_2_001.pdf","url":"https://minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/4530/files/KH_005_2_001.pdf"},"version_id":"1f45e225-07ee-4e65-bed5-6638fadc3cd5"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"ハワイにおける日系霊能者と民間信仰 : オアフ島の女性霊能者の事例","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"ハワイにおける日系霊能者と民間信仰 : オアフ島の女性霊能者の事例"},{"subitem_title":"Japanese Religious Mediums and Folk Belief among Japanese Americans in Hawaii : Female Mediums on Oahu Island","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"9","owner":"17","path":["485"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2010-02-16"},"publish_date":"2010-02-16","publish_status":"0","recid":"4530","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["ハワイにおける日系霊能者と民間信仰 : オアフ島の女性霊能者の事例"],"weko_creator_id":"17","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-06-20T19:25:08.448412+00:00"}