@article{oai:minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00004457,
 author = {小川, 了 and Ogawa, Ryo},
 issue = {3},
 journal = {国立民族学博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology},
 month = {Dec},
 note = {This article is entitled "Further Development", in
acknowledgment of the analytical studies made by five French
Scholars of this type of tale [GOROG et al. 1980].
The tales of "l'enfant terrible", fundamentally different
from the tale type of "le Petit Poucet" occur only in West Africa.
The hero (l'enfant terrible) is usually one of twin boys or a junior
of two brothers. Contrary to his brother who acts in conformity
with social norms, the hero commits successively all kinds of
criminal acts, including, inter alia, murdering his parents,
completely destroying the family possessions, damaging the
scrotum of the blacksmith and killing the blacksmith's children
(especially in the Bambara-Dolton tales), killing the animal who
saves the hero at the critical moment, and so ultimately the
annihilation of the entire village. In short, the hero's acts
are all contrary to the social norms of good conduct, but this
kind of tale is favored by the people.
The five French scholars mentioned above all agree that
"l'enfant terrible" is not a kind of trickster
, largely because they
define "trickster" in too narrow a sense. They appear to be
incorrect in this, since a trickster can be defined as someone who
passes freely across the border between the reality of everyday
life and the supernatural order. In so doing, he (the trickster)
permits us to see an another face of reality. "L'enfant terrible"
is this kind of trickster.
From the analyses of the meanings of the hero's position
(a young brother), of his perverse acts (topsy-turviness), and of
damaging of the scrotum of the blacksmith, I demonstrate the
nature of our hero as a trickster.
Finally, comparing "l'enfant terrible" to the witches in
medieval Europe, I conclude that we (the people) are in need of
a scapegoat to assuage our inner bad conscience. When we
fail to recognize the real badness of society we make a scapegoat
and hunt it (the witch). When the badness is played as a performance
of "l'enfant terrible", we savor it like .a tasty dish. The
tales of "l'enfant terrible" function as a catalyzer of the social order
as does the Potlatch of the American West Coast Indians.},
 pages = {613--651},
 title = {「悪童物語」の展開},
 volume = {8},
 year = {1983},
 yomi = {オガワ, リョウ}
}