{"created":"2023-06-20T15:59:17.435426+00:00","id":4435,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"a3e5895a-9586-4897-aff4-5428ff9601d9"},"_deposit":{"created_by":17,"id":"4435","owners":[17],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"4435"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00004435","sets":["345:468"]},"author_link":["11633"],"item_9_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"1984-12-25","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"3","bibliographicPageEnd":"630","bibliographicPageStart":"609","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"9","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"国立民族学博物館研究報告"},{"bibliographic_title":"Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_9_description_4":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"It is commonly assumed that the Homeric poems (i.e., the\nIliad and the Odyssey) were composed during the 8th century B.C.,\nand it is also certain that the alphabet was introduced into the\nGreek world at the latest by the last half of the same century. This\nbegged the much discussed question of how and when these songs,\nwhich owe much of their language and technique to a long oral\ntradition, were first committed to writing. In this paper, I\nattempt to approach this problem in two different ways : (1) by\nexamining the opinions of scholars who valued Milman Parry's\nstudy of oral epic poetry; and (2) by tracing the origin of the\nwritten text from the Alexandrian period back to the age of\nHomer.\nAlthough Parry showed that the Homeric poems were created\norally, his successors were soon obliged to confront a difficult\nquestion which he did not consider. A. B. Lord, his collaborator\nin collecting the actual oral epics in Yugoslavia, has\nobserved that (a) an orally-composed poem cannot be handed\non by oral transmission without fundamental changes, but that\n(b) the oral poet's powers are destroyed if he learns to read and\nwrite. Thus he concluded that Homer did not himself write his\npoems, but rather, dictated them. Of these two principles, (b)\nwas criticized by Adam Parry, who argued that Homer could have\nwritten them without having been exposed to such a dangerous\nliterary culture as that which developed around the living South-\nSlavic bards. On the contrary, G. S. Kirk accepted the principle\n(b) and, rejecting (a), has tried to credit the early Greek rhapsodes\nwith a higher degree of verbal accuracy in their performances\nthan in the case of the ordinary Yugoslavian poets.\nIn this debate, the common concern would be to connect,\nas directly as one can, the Homer as \"Singer of Tales\" with the\nHomer of the preserved poems, whose \"dramatic quality\"\n( J. B. Hainsworth) makes the chief obstacle to its being thought\na pure oral product. However, to what extent is it possible?\nWe cannot respond without pursuing the history of the text.\nThe origin of the present text, on the whole, goes back\nthrough the critical works of the Alexandrian scholars of the 2nd\ncentury B.C. to the old vulgate, which, by its linguistic characteristics,\ncan be closely related to Attica. On the other hand,\nthe ancient traditions suggest that an official text was used in\nthe Athenian festival called Panathenaea, where the Homeric\npoems were regularly recited from the 6th century. Although\nthis is the oldest text which we can confirm, it is possible to think\nthat this Attic text was brought from Ionia, virtually from the\nHomeridae (\"descendants of Homer\"), mainly because of a comparatively\nsmall number of orthographic errors caused by the\nformal adoption of Ionic alphabet at Athens, in 403 B.C. The\nHomeridae were not only reputed as excellent reciters, but they\nseem to have been practised in improvisation as well. So they\nmust have used writing to fix the Homeric version, with a view to\napplying themselves to creative composition, which was also an\nimportant heritage of Homer.\nNow, whereas recitation and improvisation are psychologically\nthe same thing for the modern Yugoslavian poets (according\nto Lord), I suppose there was a clear distinction between imitation\nand originality for the singers of the Homeric time (aoidoi) and\nthe Homeridae. It is in this mental condition that the letters\nworked for the professional poets as an effective means of record.\nBut it should not be overlooked that the public transmission remained\noral until a much later time, and in this respect we\ncannot disregard Kirk's view of oral tradition.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_9_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.15021/00004427","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_9_publisher_33":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"国立民族学博物館"}]},"item_9_publisher_34":{"attribute_name":"出版者（英）","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"National Museum of Ethnology"}]},"item_9_source_id_10":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00091943","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_9_source_id_8":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0385-180X","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_9_version_type_16":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"小川, 正広"},{"creatorName":"オガワ, マサヒロ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"creatorName":"Ogawa, Masahiro","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2015-11-19"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"KH_009_3_006.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"4.2 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"KH_009_3_006.pdf","url":"https://minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/4435/files/KH_009_3_006.pdf"},"version_id":"cf615930-3399-4da6-8132-d8b2de7f3855"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"ホメロスの詩と文字使用","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"ホメロスの詩と文字使用"},{"subitem_title":"The Homeric Poems and the Usage of Writing","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"9","owner":"17","path":["468"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2010-02-16"},"publish_date":"2010-02-16","publish_status":"0","recid":"4435","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["ホメロスの詩と文字使用"],"weko_creator_id":"17","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-06-20T19:26:32.022053+00:00"}