@article{oai:minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00004266,
 author = {宮脇, 幸生 and Miyawaki, Yukio},
 issue = {4},
 journal = {国立民族学博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {This paper describes native methodology of sorghum cultivation
and selection of indigenous varieties in an agro-pastoral society in southwestern
Ethiopia. It shows how the people have developed their
varieties through their diversified selection practices.
The Erbore are a Cushitic agro-pastoral people dwelling along the
Weito River. Seasonal flooding of the river provides them with fertile inundated
plains and allows them to cultivate sorghum in a large number
of varieties in the semi-arid environment.
Sixty-one vernacular varieties of sorghum have been collected
through an interview with 28 informants. The inventory of Erbore
varieties exhibits diverse difference in frequency of reference by informants
in terms of recognition and cultivation. Eleven varieties are
recognized by the majority of the informants, while 23 varieties are referred
to only by single informants. Five varieties are cultivated by more
than 10 informants, while 32 varieties are cultivated by none.
Informants differing in age give different inventories of varieties.
Older informants tend to refer to less-known varieties than younger informants.
These differences reflect both the properties of each variety and the
process of selection practices. Some well-known varieties have useful
properties such as pest-bird resistance. Such varieties constitute the core
varieties preferred and cultivated by most people. These varieties have
been preserved from generation to generation. Other varieties constitute
the fringe varieties. Some of them are known only to the older
generation by their names. This probably means that they have recently
been discarded and lost.
The diversity of the indigenous varieties have been maintained
through diversified selection practices. The process is twofold. First, a
morphologically distinct mutant (yoofo) is preserved and kept for the
next season. Cultivation of one variety on one spot enables people to
recognize the morphological distinctiveness of such a mutant. Second,
the new variety is given a name and multiplied experimentally. Through
this process, its properties are carefully observed. If some of its properties
are judged to be useful, the variety will be kept to be sown again. If
judged to be useless, it will be discarded.
The diversity of the indigenous varieties are the result of an ongoing
process of selection and preservation. The natives' criteria and practices
related to these activities are the important issues to be considered.},
 pages = {843--870},
 title = {モロコシの多様化選択と品種の生成 : エチオピア西南部におけるクシ系農牧民エルボレの事例から},
 volume = {16},
 year = {1992},
 yomi = {ミヤワキ, ユキオ}
}