@article{oai:minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00004211,
 author = {安村, 直己 and YASUMURA, Naoki},
 issue = {2},
 journal = {国立民族学博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology},
 month = {Oct},
 note = {Historians studying Mexican Indian village communities under colonial
rule have recognized that Indian rebellions are one of the keys to
understanding their ways of living and thinking. William Taylor was
the first to realize the importance of Indian rebellions. Having
systematically analyzed a large number of cases, he postulated a set of
general characteristics which he attributed to the Indian communityoriented
mentality. In other words, he explained the frequency of Indian
rebellions in colonial Mexico in terms of community autonomy and
solidarity, which he thought derived from the mentality of the Indians.
Since Taylor's study was published in 1979 there has been discussion
about whether his model has general validity in time and space. Eric
Van Young, in trying to revise it, has given more importance to the increasing
economic inequality in the interior of Indian village communities
during the second half of the 18th century. He argues that
rebellions served to repair community solidarity in jeopardy by displacing
accumulated internal tensions toward external targets.
In my opinion, Van Young has contributed considerably to our
understanding of Indian rebellions by locating them in a more precise
historical context, in contrast to Taylor's static model. But Van Young
has approached rebellions in the same manner as Taylor in two points.
First,both have aimed to generalize about Indian rebellions after analyzing
many cases, without paying much attention to the particular circumstances
under which each rebellion evolved. Second, each of them
started from the supposition that the Indian village community was a
"closed corporate community" characterized by communal landholding
,
limited membership, and an egalitarian way of thinking, and they were
not so much concerned with how particular communities deviated from
such a supposition.
In this article, avoiding such a generalizing approach, I will focus
my analysis on the case of the Indian rebellion of 1774 in Tlalmanalco
(Chalco region) . My aim is to make clear the concrete historical processes
which led villagers to take such a recourse. On the other hand, I
will start the analysis without any a priori model of the Indian village
community. Contrary to Taylor and Van Young, I will reconstruct
village life in the light of the facts revealed in archival sources referring
to the rebellion, putting emphasis on the community's internal economy
and politics as well as on its relationships with the outer world.
The main part of this article consists of three sections. The first
describes some transformations which central Mexican Indian society
suffered after the Spanish Conquest, for the purpose of situating the
Tlalmanalco rebellion in a historical perspective of longue dui*.
In the second, I will describe as concretely as possible how this
rebellion evolved and what happened to the community after its apparent
abortion, revealing community political conflicts and some external
actors' intervention in them. Also it will become clear that the entire
community did not participate in the rebellion, but only a small fraction.
In the third section, I intend to explain how internal politics and external
intervention influenced the course of the rebellion, throwing light
on the agrarian problems of the Chalco region that Indian village communities
suffered during the second half of the 18th century, as well as on
the impacts of the Bourbon reforms introduced by Jose de Galvez to the
rural society of the region. In this way it will become clear that the
Tlalmanalco rebellion cannot be interpreted only in terms of Indian community-
oriented mentality, but that also its relation to the political
economy of the community and the external world at that epoch must be
considered.
In the final part, I will indicate some problems that need to be examined
more profoundly in the future.},
 pages = {173--257},
 title = {植民地期メキシコにおけるインディオ騒動の政治経済学 : 1774年トマルマナルコ村（チャルコ地方）の事例},
 volume = {19},
 year = {1994},
 yomi = {ヤスムラ, ナオキ}
}