@article{oai:minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00004206,
 author = {Hayashi, Isao and 林, 勲男},
 issue = {3},
 journal = {国立民族学博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology},
 month = {Feb},
 note = {The main purpose of this paper is to examine the Bedamuni's two
oppositional concepts of social structure; fi: and uda la:su, and the extent
to which these concepts are related to their cosmology.
Each Bedamuni individual is a member of his or her father's clan
called fi: and derives clan identity from a body part of a mythological
woman, from a totem, from clan territory and from sacred sites in their
land. Besides one's own clan, the term fi: is used to refer to the clans
with which one's clan does not intermarry, and whose members of the
same generation are classified as siblings. The norm of fi: exogamy is
strict and marriages are arranged on the basis of sister exchange between
clans. A man having no sister is provided with one by a man of
his own fi:, including both his own clan and its alliance clans. This
woman is then exchanged for a wife. Men mostly exchange their sisters
with clans categorised as uda la:su. These oppositional concepts of fi:
and uda la:su do not mould a moiety system in the Bedamuni social structure.
Instead the social structure has complicated features. A configuration
of clans into these two categories differs from one clan viewpoint to
another, and there are clans with which one's own has little interaction in
everyday life due to distance. The possibilities of inter-marriage with
those clans are uncertain.
After discussing complicated features of fi: relationships between
clans, I deal with a kinship category which is regarded by the people as being
similar to a sibling category. Marriage with those in this category is
strictly avoided, even though they are members of uda la:su. In addition
to this category, matrilateral clan members are also excluded as
potential spouses. In order to understand the fact that some people of
uda la:su are excluded from the category of potential spouses, I examine
folk knowledge of paternal and maternal substance which form a child
and human body components. As shown in the kinship terminology,
the matrilateral clan members are recognised as sharing the same maternal
substance and are categorised as a group with no internal distinction
but sex difference among them. Maternal substance is also believed to
be shared with those whose mother is from the same clan. Clan identity
is expressed by the Bedamuni using a word for bones, in other words, a
clan is believed to be a group all of whose members share paternal
bones. In order to reproduce its members a clan has to be supplied with
maternal body components, represented by flesh, through women of uda
la:su. It could be said that sister exchange with uda la:su is the exchange
of flesh to form new members of each other's clan.
The Bedamuni believe that they live in a reality consisting of two
dimensions, one of which is material and tangible, the other spiritual and
intangible. The people live in this dual reality and their experiences of,
for example, dreaming, spirit seances and suffering from sorcery are
believed to be located on the boundary between these two dimensions.
Interestingly, the complementary opposition of dual dimensions of reality
is entwined with the concepts of fi: and uda la:su.
The consumption of human flesh in the past also took place between
uda la:su. In other words, one was provided with flesh not so much
from fi: as from uda la:su for consumption, as well as for the production
of new members of one's clan. Furthermore, a human soul is believed
to survive after death in the form of a wild animal, fish or bird, and it
could be hunted only by the uda la:su members, not by fi: members.
To sum up, the conceptualisation of marriage in terms of fi: and uda
la:su represents part of their cosmology, and is related to notions concerning
human body components, substance activity and soul/spirit activity.},
 pages = {359--403},
 title = {フィーとウダ・ラースあるいは骨と肉 : ベダムニ族の社会構造と世界観},
 volume = {19},
 year = {1995},
 yomi = {ハヤシ, イサオ}
}