@article{oai:minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00004189,
 author = {園田, 直子 and Sonoda, Naoko},
 issue = {3},
 journal = {国立民族学博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology},
 month = {Feb},
 note = {The National Museum of Ethnology, situated in Osaka, also
suffered damage from the Great Hanshin Earthquake, which occurred
on January 17th, 1995. The most worrying in point of view of the conservation
of the collections was the water accident. The heads of two
sprinklers, installed in one of the exhibition rooms, fell due to the earthquake
shock. Nearly 10 tons of water flowed out within 4 minutes.
Water submerged the exhibition room and then, passed through the floor
and leaked into a downstairs room, where hundreds of textiles (clothes
and related objects) from Guatemala and-Mexico were stored temporarily
in view of a special exhibition.
During the first conservation inquiry, we found that the leaked
water contained iron ions. This is the reason why we decided on
emergency treatment of the submerged textiles.
At first, all the objects which had been stored near the flooded areas
were examined under normal and ultra-violet lights, in order to investigate
the state of damage. Among the 124 objects examined, 82 had
suffered damage (some of them had suffered two or more kinds of
damage) : 67 with water stains, 15 with color stains, 10 having a risk of
mold growth, and 11 having marked old mold stains.
The clothes or related objects at risk of mold growth were im-
mediately separated from the rest of the collections, put into plastic
bags, and treated with paraformaldehyde.
Those having water stains needed to be washed as quickly as possible,
so as to eliminate still soluble iron ions. The textiles were in a good
conservation condition, but unfortunately, some dyes were soluble in
water. After trial and error, two methods of wet cleaning were finally
adopted.
a) For those which were water resistant: cleaning with de-ionized water
(with 1 drop of detergent) in an ultrasonic bath, followed by many rinsings
with de-ionized water.
b) For those which were not water resistant: wet cleaning on sheets containing
high water absorption synthetic resins. In this case, the object to
be washed was placed on high water absorption sheets (it was more convenient
to use adult diapers which were flat and big in size) , and the
water stains were washed out by pressing several times, from the surface,
a lump of cotton damped in de-ionized water. It is necessary to damp
the object as a whole, otherwise new water stains will appear to the areas
between wet and dry parts. For the areas containing non water resistant
dyes, de-ionized water was splashed very gently, without any pressing.
Mold or color stains were not harmful for conservation purposes,
but were judged unesthetic for the exhibition. Mold residues on the surface
of the clothes were removed gently with a toothbrush. Color stains
and mold stains still remaining were treated with a diluted solution of
hydrogen peroxide, or with Chloramine T (C7H7C1NaNO2S.3H20) .
Besides, as we were dealing with ethnological collections, we took
great care to preserve the stains which were due to the everyday activities
of the former users, judging that these stains have a scientific value for
scholars.},
 pages = {429--453},
 title = {スプリンクラー事故で冠水した衣類等に施した緊急保存処置に関する報告 : 阪神・淡路大震災による被災資料の例},
 volume = {20},
 year = {1996},
 yomi = {ソノダ, ナオコ}
}