@article{oai:minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00004184,
 author = {江口, 一久 and Eguchi, Paul Kazuhisa},
 issue = {4},
 journal = {国立民族学博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {There are two kinds of joking relationship among the Fulbe of
Northern Cameroon: 1) between cross cousins, and 2) between the
Fulbe and the Kanuri. The partners in the joking relationship exchange
abuse, insults, and all kinds of bad words which are much stronger than
ordinary 'jokes.' They employ such terms as "slave," "cannibal," etc.
These expressions have very negative connotations in Fulbe society. In
other words, the use of these abnormal words confirms the special relationship.
The abusive expressions are sometimes accompanied by ritual
violence and ritual theft. The linguistic expressions are strengthened by
these performances.
The joking between cross cousins and that between the Fulbe and
the Kanuri are similar. The establishment of the inter-ethnic joking relationship
followed the cross cousin joking relationship.
We can assume that the Fulbe stayed among the Kanuri in Bornu, as
an ethnic minority, or as visitors. During that period, the Fulbe had to
endure many difficulties, including jeers and insults from the majority
Kanuri. Because of a difference of occupation, the two peoples did not
fight with each other. They avoided war, and chose to exist as partners
in a joking relationship. In other words, they accepted abusive expressions,
and ritual violence and theft, in exchange for peaceful coexistence.
Even now, there are many Kanuri expressions with which the
Kanuri ridicule the Fulbe.
The joking is performed between typical Fulbe and typical
Kanuri. But through inter-ethnic marriages, the distinctive physical
features of the two peoples are disappearing. Thus, the joking maintained
between the Fulbe and the Kanuri can be expected to disappear in the
near future.},
 pages = {647--669},
 title = {冗談関係にあるもののあいだでかわされる冗談 : 北部カメルーン・フルベ族の場合},
 volume = {20},
 year = {1996},
 yomi = {エグチ, カズヒサ}
}