@article{oai:minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00004040,
 author = {庄司, 博史 and Shoji , Hiroshi},
 issue = {4},
 journal = {国立民族学博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {社会主義政権樹立以来中国は，少数民族言語の平等な使用と発展を民族政策
の一つの柱として，民族言語の文字化，民族言語による教育を掲げてきた。そ
の一方では国家統合および近代化を進める中国にとって，共通語としての漢
語，「普通語」の普及も重要な課題であった。文化大革命期をのぞき今日にい
たるまで民族言語政策は基本的にこれら二つの理念のせめぎあいの場であった
といえる。しかし1980年代以降，民族言語政策は従来の対立の構造とは異なる
様相を呈しはじめている。本稿では，少数民族言語擁護と漢語普及との間での
対立や矛盾の鮮明化，および双語教育（二言語教育）の枠内で民族語教育の足
場を確保しようとする民族言語政策に注目し考察した。さらに近年少数民族言
語やその政策に影響をあたえつつある現象として，急速な近代化の要請にとも
ない進展しつつある漢語の実質的国語化政策，民族言語関係者による国際的言
語理論の援用，さらに世界的な言語・民族運動への関心を指摘した。, Since the foundation of the present socialist state China has upheld a
ground principle for national minority language policies which is to guarantee
the use and development of such languages. In practice this principle has
mainly involved an attempt to establish a writing system for each language
and to incorporate the languages into the basic school system for the minorities.
At the same time, the realization of a common national language on
the basis of Han has also been a mandatory task in the state’s agenda. In the
1980’s and onwards the schema that had controlled the Chinese minority language
policies has apparently shifted to a new phase, with the emergence of
critical phenomena where the interests of both sides prominently go against
each other. One is the growing confl icts brought by the state’s purposive policy
to emphasize the role of Han, and to rationalize attempts to develop
minority languages. The other is the generalization of the theoretical notion of
“bilingual education” among the language planners of Chinese minority languages,
in the framework of which a foothold for mother tongue education is
sought, against the pressure of Han. The author further examines several new
factors affecting the present Chinese minority language policies.},
 pages = {683--724},
 title = {中国少数民族語政策の新局面 : 特に漢語普及とのかかわりにおいて},
 volume = {27},
 year = {2003},
 yomi = {ショウジ, ヒロシ}
}