@article{oai:minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00003980,
 author = {竹沢, 尚一郎 and Takezawa, Shoichiro},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {国立民族学博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology},
 month = {Sep},
 note = {The aim of this paper is to give an overview of French anthropological
research and education system. The paper has three focal points: to trace
a history of French anthropology from 1900 to 1960; to specify the characteristics
of French anthropological institutions; and to discuss the problems and
possibilities of current French anthropology.
1. The development of French anthropology before World War II was
realized through the Ethnological Institute of the University of Paris, founded
in 1925 by M. Mauss. It trained a number of anthropologists, including Lévi-
Strauss, Leiris, Métraux, and Dumont. After World War II, these scholars were
divided into several schools of French anthropology; the Ethnological School
of Griaule; the structural school of anthropology of Lévi-Strauss, who became
professor at the Collège de France; and the social and political anthropology
of Balandier, who was professor at the University of Paris and founded the
African Research Center (CEA) in 1959.
2. After World War II, France, began to create some centers of research
such as the CEA, and those at the Sorbonne and the Collège de France. Since
1975, EHESS, a new institute for social sciences, has offered possibilities for
graduate students to acquire advanced knowledge in all branches of social sciences.
With about fifty anthropologists, it provides a solid educational base to
students coming from around France and abroad. Each year, it receives over a
hundred doctoral students and approves about fifty Ph. D. theses. It operates
also as a national center for anthropology in France, which has no national
society of anthropologists.
3. French anthropology has been divided, since 1960, between the structural
anthropology of Lévi-Strauss and the social anthropology of Baland-
ier. The former has tried to refine methods of analysis, but neglects social and
cultural problems. The latter has been oriented to political and historical problems,
but its analytical tools remain less sophisticated. Some scholars such as
Godelier and Augé have tried to put together these currents in vain, and have
no followers among the younger generation of anthropologists. French anthropology
seems to be divided into many small compartments between which
communication is barred. As long as this compartmentalization remains,
France will not be able to breathe new life into world anthropology.},
 pages = {57--85},
 title = {フランスの人類学と人類学教育},
 volume = {31},
 year = {2006},
 yomi = {タケザワ, ショウイチロウ}
}