@article{oai:minpaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00003974,
 author = {飯田, 卓 and Iida, Taku},
 issue = {2},
 journal = {国立民族学博物館研究報告, Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology},
 month = {Feb},
 note = {海外渡航がきびしく制限されていた昭和20–30年代，海外フィールド調査を
志す人類学者の多くが，マスメディア企業の後援を受けたエクスペディション
を組織した。こうしたエクスペディションには映画カメラマンが同行すること
が多く，長編記録映画の興行的成功がエクスペディションの採算を合わせてい
た。また，新聞記者が同行することも多かった。新聞の紙面では，調査活動が
速報されるほか，めずらしい写真や専門的な発見・知見が伝えられ，学術活動
の広範なアウトリーチがおこなわれた。また，新聞社主催の展示会や講演会，
映画会なども盛んにおこなわれた。
　しかし，1963 年頃から，アカデミズムとマスメディアの連携は成り立たなく
なっていく。テレビの登場と海外旅行自由化によって映画産業がふるわなくな
り，エクスペディションによる収益が見こめなくなったのである。また，外貨
割り当てが必要なくなり，マスメディア企業が独自取材をおこないやすくなっ
たのも原因であろう。一部の海外調査隊はテレビと連携したが，この方式は定
着しなかった。同じ頃，文部省が海外学術調査を制度的に認め，研究活動に回
される資金が増えたため，研究者の側もマスメディアとの連携を重んじなく
なった。昭和30年代におけるアカデミズムとマスメディアの連携は，政府に
よる調査支援が不十分だった時代の一時的なものではあったが，人類学的調査
の重要性を国民に広く知らしめる結果となった。, After the loss of the former Japanese colonies and the occupied territories,
many Japanese anthropologists organized mass-media-sponsored expeditions,
one of the few means of conducting scientific fieldwork. This phenom-
enon was particularly notable in the period between 1955 and 1960, having
its roots in the alpinist expeditions to the Himalayas which began with anthropologists’
participation in 1953. Distinguished expedition members included
Hitoshi Kihara, Nobuhiro Matsumoto, Masao Oka, Kaoru Tanaka, Kinji Imanishi,
Eiichiro Ishida, Namio Egami, Kosuke Yamashita, Sosuke Sugihara, Seiichi
Izumi, Sasuke Nakao, Jiro Kawakita, and Tadao Umesao, among others.
Most of the expeditions were accompanied by movie cameramen, whose
films were released in movie theaters, making the sponsorship profitable.
Newspaper reporters also used to follow them, headlining the expedition’s
activities, and publicizing exotic scenes or arcane scientific knowledge. Newspaper
companies, after the expedition, organized exhibitions, expedition members’
talks, and free film shows.
This partnership started to collapse around 1963, when the film industry
began to decay because of the rise of TV, and because ordinary citizens were
more able to make overseas trip. Another reason was that mass-media companies
no longer needed academic authority, for they were free to organize their
own expeditions. In this situation, some expeditions tried to keep up partnerships
with mass-media companies, though these declined in number. Fortunately
the Ministry of Education began to provide anthropologists with funds
for overseas research, enabling them to do fieldwork more easily. Thus, the
cooperation between academia and the mass media lasted only during the
period of insufficient governmental support for expeditions. However, as an
unintended result, the anthropological expeditions of this time led the general
public to recognize the significance of anthropological activity, which brings
knowledge of distant areas.},
 pages = {227--285},
 title = {昭和30年代の海外学術エクスペディション : 「日本の人類学」の戦後とマスメディア},
 volume = {31},
 year = {2007},
 yomi = {イイダ, タク}
}