Microclimatic conditions within the National Museum of Ethnology
were analyzed statistically for the whole of 1979. A total of 46
locations were inspected, including 24 in deposit areas and 16 in
galleries. The principal objective of this study was to reveal those
locations most susceptible to a wide amplitude of temperature and
relative humidity, which would affect or possibly destroy artifacts,
particularly hygroscopic objects.
Data were analyzed with the aid of a computer. The data
population should be distributed in a particular region on a plane,
with temperature shown on the x co-ordinate and relative humidity on
they axis. Critical limits emerge as an ellipse. Frequency of occurence
of data beyond the standard range and confidence interval for
the percentage of their occurrence were calculated. The greater the
value of the minimum interval, the higher the degree of microclimatic
irregulairty, which signifies an undesirable location for the display
or the deposit of artifacts in the Museum.
Factor analysis was used to investigate the cases of microclimatic
irregularity, allowing for such elements as room location, aspect, seasonality,
time of day, presence of air-conditioning, among others. The
principal results of this investigation were that:
1) In the absence of air-conditioning, interior microclimates are
affected by climatic factors external to the building, particularly
in seasons with a large diurnal range of temperature;
2) Sunlight on exterior walls is an important cause of microclimatic
fluctuation inside the Museum, in particular during the seasons
when the building is not air-conditioned. This effect depends
on wall materials, the effects of glass walls requiring careful consideration
in the display design of exhibitions;
3) The full-automatic starting or stopping of air-conditioning equipments
can produce undesirable effects within micro-environments.
国立民族学博物館の展示と保存環境に関する検討 : 異常環境の発見を主として
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