ミクロネシアの養取慣行 : 族制，土地所有，分配体系との関連で

須藤 健一

ミクロネシアの養取慣行 : 族制，土地所有，分配体系との関連で利用統計を見る

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JaLC DOI	info:doi/10.15021/00004606
タイトル(英)	National Museum of Ethnology
アイテムタイプ	紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper
言語	日本語
著者	須藤健一 / スドウケンイチ
著者(英)	Ken'ichi Sudo
抄録	This is a preliminary report and consideration of adoption customs in Micronesia. An attempt is made to clarify the realities and functions of this custom in relation to the family-kinship organization, land tenure system and economic mechanism in several Micronesian societies, such as Palau, Yap, Truk (Romonum, Ulul), Ponape (Ponape, Mokil, Kapingamarangi) and Marshall (Majuro, Bikini). For a comparative study of adoption customs in these societies, seven points are proposed as indexes for analysis : i.e. (1) characteristics of the corporate group concerned, (2) meanings of native terms which show 'adoption', (3) motivations and factors of adoption, (4) procedure of adoption practice, (5) relationship between adopted children and adoptors, (6) relationship established through adoption among kin groups, and (7) status of adopted children. These indexes are provided, to help grasp adoption customs at the level of kinship study or descent theory. An examination of bibliographic data on Micronesian adoption customs makes it clear that : 1. Adoption for the purpose of acquiring an heir (or heiress) is closely related with the tendency that the size of a corporate group is reduced and also that lands are privately owned by individuals. 2. Adoption is based on the social view that everyone should ideally have a sibling of opposite sex and that a married couple comes to acquire social status as adults by fostering at least one child. 3. In most cases, adoption is made between consanguineal kinsmen, and it commonly functions as a factor of economic support for those kinsmen with many children. 4. Adoption never changes clan membership, nor does it produce any new kinship relation. It seems that the approach from the standpoint of descent theory is not satisfactory to fully understand the Micronesian adoption customs with the above-mentioned characteristics. In the latter half of this paper, the writer examines the data which he obtained through fieldwork among the Ulul Islanders. An analysis of his data makes it possible to point out the presence of a structural relation between the adoption customs and the traditional distribution system. For a further understanding of adoption customs in Micronesia, emphasis must be placed on the aspect that they also functions as one of the cultural paraphernalia which keeps the balance of "wealth" in a society.
雑誌名	国立民族学博物館研究報告
雑誌名(英)	Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology
巻	2
号	2
ページ	245 - 281
発行年	1977-07-23
ISSN	0385-180X
書誌レコードID	AN00091943
著者版フラグ	publisher
出版者	国立民族学博物館
出版者（英）	National Museum of Ethnology

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ミクロネシアの養取慣行 : 族制，土地所有，分配体系との関連で利用統計を見る

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ミクロネシアの養取慣行 : 族制，土地所有，分配体系との関連で 利用統計を見る

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ミクロネシアの養取慣行 : 族制，土地所有，分配体系との関連で利用統計を見る