ネワール語の能格現象

長野 泰彦

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国立民族学博物館研究報告

11巻4号

Permalink : http://doi.org/10.15021/00004358

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JaLC DOI	info:doi/10.15021/00004358
タイトル(英)	Ergativity of the Newar Language
アイテムタイプ	紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper
言語	日本語
著者	長野泰彦 / ナガノヤスヒコ
著者(英)	Yasuhiko Nagano
抄録	Newari, a Tibeto-Burman (TB) language spoken in Central Nepal, has had written documents since the 14th century and is the fifth oldest TB language with manuscripts. This language is now spoken by half a million people, most of whom inhabit the Kathmandu Valley. Despite its long history and large population of native speakers, Newari has attracted relatively little scholarly attention, and there are few reliable publications on it. Much more research should be conducted on this language, since it has several important keys for examining the proto-TB morphosyntax, providing link among TB sub-groups. This paper is a checklist on Newari ergativity. Ergativity has a close connection with pronominal morphology of TB, one of the good historical criteria of the language group. Bauman [1975] made an extensive comparison of pronominal aspects of TB, thus providing the global scope of TB transitivity types as well as split. However, he did not discuss Newari directly. Stimulated by Bauman [1975] and DeLancey [1981], Givon presented a paper describing Newari ergative morphology. Although further analysis may be required, his paper provides the best starting point for the present work. This paper attempts to supplement that by Givon. Ergativity is one of the most controversial morphosyntactic topics of TB linguistics. 'Ergative' is, as I understand it, one of the transitivity structures in which the transitive agent is marked syntactically and/or morphologically. As Bauman pointed out [BADMAN 1975: 221-222], TB has a variety of morphological types of ergativity, the appearance of which varies among languages. Hayu, on the one hand, represents an extreme in which ergative markers consistently occur and no accusative type is observed. In some languages, on the other hand, a high optionality of markers (ergative and accusative) is seen. A very limited number of the TB languages are consistently ergative and many others belong to 'splitergative' type. This will be further sub-classified according to the degree of optionality and mixture of case markers. Newari is said to belong to split-ergative type; therefore, the description here will be focussed on how 'split' and/or 'mixed' it is in terms of ergativity.
雑誌名	国立民族学博物館研究報告
雑誌名(英)	Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology
巻	11
号	4
ページ	811 - 835
発行年	1987-03-31
ISSN	0385-180X
書誌レコードID	AN00091943
著者版フラグ	publisher
出版者	国立民族学博物館
出版者（英）	National Museum of Ethnology

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