The ritual of worshipping Toloi Ejen, the youngest child of Cinggis
Qaan, had been maintained in the Ordus region in Inner Mongolia until
1956. In Mongolian society, based on ultimogeniture, the youngest
child is considered to be "the son who keeps the furnace and fire" and inherits
all the property from his forefathers. At the same time, the
youngest child is under an obligation to perform rituals to worship his
family's ancestors.
In the Ordus region, the ritual clan, which administers the ancestral
ritual for the youngest son, Toloi Ejen, is called "dargad". The darqad
usually worship Toloi Ejen, but they also worship the successive
ancestors of the Cinggis Qaan family, on behalf of Toloi Ejen. The
ritual in which Cinggis Qaan's ancestors are worshipped is administered
by the same darqad, the ritual clan worshipping Toloi Ejen, and these
rituals are called yaril-un tayily-a.
This paper will focus on the Toloi Ejen ritual during the era of the
late Ching dynasty and the early Republic of China, and analyse
historical documents. Analysis will also be made of the social structure
of the ritual clan, the darqad, which had been administering the Toloi
Ejen ritual, mainly on the basis of data and materials obtained through
the field work of the writer. Following that, the actual state of the Toloi
Ejen ritual is described and particulary, the connection between the
Toloi Ejen ritual and yaril-un tayily-a will be analyzed. By this, the
multi-layered structure of the ancestor worship ritual of the Ordus
Mongols will be examined. The Toloi Ejen ritual and yaril-un tayily-a
are both political rituals to demonstrate the superiority of the prestigious
Borjigin family from which Cinggis Qaan was descended.
オルドス・モンゴルの祖先祭祀 : 末子トロイ・エジン祭祀と八白宮の関連を中心に
KH_021_3_003.pdf
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