The Hui Rebellion in 19th Century Mongolian History : Focusing on the Comparison between the General and Regional History of China Compiled as a State Project and the Mongolian Chronicles
アイテムタイプ
紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper
言語
日本語
キーワード
通史, 地方史, 年代記, 回民反乱, オルドス・モンゴル
キーワード(英)
general history, regional history, Mongolian chronicles, the Hui Rebellion, Ordos Mongols
本論文は「歴史」の書き方,「歴史」の語り方を分析し,歴史研究と人類学
的研究との相互接点を探ろうとするものである。具体的には,19世紀末に発生
し,中国北西部と中央アジアを舞台として展開した回民反乱を分析対象とする。
回民反乱について,現代中国の通史類は「少数民族による反清朝闘争」である
と政治的な評価を下し,回民反乱軍による略奪や虐殺行為に触れていない。一
方,各地の地方史誌はr通史が書こうとしなかった回民反乱軍による被害を記
述している。また,通史や地方史誌と対照的なのはモンゴルの年代記である。
口頭伝承の要素を大いに帯びている年代記は,モソゴル軍の軍功を賞賛するた
めに回民反乱を淡々と描いている。上述の諸史料をさらに回族側の捉え方と比
較すると,まったく異なった,鮮明な「生き方の歴史」が浮かび上がってくる。
歴史研究における「外部からの視点」と「内なる視点」を検討し,人類学的な
歴史研究と「生き方の歴史」との共通性を探求することこそ,過去の出来事を
解明する手がかりとなることを強調しておきたい。
In this paper, the way in which "history" is recorded, written or
narrated is analysed, thereby exploring the interface between the studies
of history and anthropology. Specifically, the discussion is focused on
the Hui(M) Rebellion in China, which broke out at the end of the 19th
century, spreading over a vast area in the north-east of the nation and
Central Asia. State-sponsored publications of history such as Tongshi
(A.. general history) or others define the Hui Rebellion as a "revolt by
an ethnic minority, which stood against rule by the Qing dynasty".
They do not in the least touch upon the pillage, atrocities or massacres
perpetrated by the insurgent Hui troops. On the other hand, regional
history books that were compiled in various localities describe the serious
damage caused by the Hui rebel army. Keen attention should be paid to
Mongolian chronicles compiled over centuries, in the contents of which
we can find a striking contrast to Tongshi or regional history. Those
chronicles represent the strong influence of the oral tradition of the
Mongols from ancient times. While admiring the gallant fight that the
Mongolian army fought against the insurgent troops, the chronicles
describe the rise and fall of the Rebellion in a calm and objective manner.
Furthermore, when the historical materials used in Tongshi or
other state-sponsored publications are compared with the records kept
by the Hui rebels, light can be shed from an utterly different angle,
revealing more diverse facets of the background, to underscore the
"history of people's way of life" incisively. Given these phenomena in
history writings, it is recommended that both "external" and "internal
perspectives" be integrated in the study of history. An emphasis should
be placed on the importance of understanding the common attributes
and nature of the anthropological approach to history on one hand, and
the "history of a way of life" on the other. I believe that the exploration
of the commonality between the two will open up a new road to lead us
to the unequivocal elucidation of the historical incidents that humankind
has undergone.
十九世紀モンゴル史における「回民反乱」 : 歴史の書き方と「生き方の歴史」のあいだ
KH_026_3_003.pdf
(2.52MB)
